The higher the R, the better it insulates the cold from the ground. The thermal resistance depends on the thickness of the mattress and the insulation used. But with higher R, the weight and size of the mattress usually increase.How does this R help us? R1 - summer conditions, R2 to 4 - spring to autumn, R4 to 6 even for winter sleeping, R6 and more - arctic and alpine conditions, sleeping on snow.
Sleeping comfort is determined by the thickness of the mattress (above min. 1 cm, better 1.4 cm) and the foam used. Do not take polyethylene. It does not last, sucks water, tears. Max. for the beach. The best quality foam is EVA. It lasts a lot and won't crack.We'll roll up a foam mattress. Or go for the folding option. These have a perforated wave profile. Holds more heat, more comfortable.The advantage of foam mattresses is price + durability, light weight.The disadvantage is the large volume after packing and the lower level of comfort.
The greater the thickness, the more air. And you sleep better.But the surface under the mattress is important. If you puncture it, you're at 0 cm thickness, lying directly on the ground.Some models have an insulating foam layer. It will increase the insulation, but also the weight and the volume.
Compared to inflatable models, they can usually be slept on even if punctured.The mattress inflates itself to 50%, you have to inflate the rest. Better with a pump, because we breathe in moist air through our mouths. There's a risk of mould. Even the thermal insulation is dry air.
Inflatable and self-inflating mattresses are moulded. They save space and weight where you'll appreciate it.Foam mattresses don't compress much and their thermal resistance is constant. With inflatables and self-inflatables, the thickness can fluctuate depending on inflation or load. The insulation is less at the point of indentation. It is important to take good care of your mattress to ensure it lasts a long time. Make sure that the mattress is always clean and dry, especially after use in rain or damp conditions. It is a good idea to store foam and inflatable mattresses unfolded so that the material retains its elasticity.Finally, it's not just about the mattress. The sleeping bag also plays an important role.